Electromagnetic Deflection
Early experimenters with electricity and magnetism noticed that an electric current produces a magnetic field. […]
Measuring Devices
Electrostatic Deflection
Electric fields produce forces, just as magnetic fields do. You have noticed this when your […]
Thermal Heating
Another phenomenon, sometimes useful in the measurement of electric currents, is the fact that whenever […]
Ammeters
A magnetic compass doesn’t make a very convenient meter. It has to be lying flat, […]
Voltmeters
Current, as we have seen, consists of a flow of charge carriers. Voltage, or electromotive […]
Ohmmeters
If all other factors are held constant, the current through a circuit depends on the […]
Multimeters
In the electronics lab, a common piece of test equipment is the multimeter, in which […]
FET Voltmeters
A good voltmeter disturbs the circuit under test as little as possible, and this requires […]
Wattmeters
The measurement of electrical power requires that voltage and current both be measured simultaneously. Remember […]
Watt-Hour Meters
Electrical energy, as you now know, is measured in watt-hours or kilowatt-hours (kWh). Not surprisingly, […]
Digital Readout Meters
Increasingly, metering devices are being designed so that they provide a direct readout. The number […]
Frequency Counters
The measurement of energy used by your home is an application to which digital metering […]
VU and Decibel Meters
In high-fidelity equipment, especially the more sophisticated amplifiers (“amps”), loudness meters are sometimes used. These […]
Light Meters
The intensity of visible light is measured by means of a light meter or illumination […]
Pen Recorders
A meter movement can be equipped with a marking device to keep a graphic record […]
Oscilloscopes
Another graphic metering device is the oscilloscope. This measures and records quantities that vary rapidly, […]
- 1
- 2